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As the scorching summer heat takes its toll, staying hydrated becomes crucial to avoid health issues like dehydration and heatstroke. Fortunately, India's culinary heritage offers a delicious and nutritious solution: aam panna. This traditional summer cooler, made from raw green mangoes and invigorating spices, is not just a tasty treat but also a powerful shield against the season's harsh effects. In this article, we'll explore the benefits of aam panna, its role in preventing dehydration and heatstroke, and how you can easily make this refreshing drink at home. What is Aam Panna? Aam panna is a traditional Indian summer drink made from raw mangoes. Known for its tangy and refreshing taste, it is a popular beverage in hot weather due to its cooling properties. The drink is prepared by roasting or boiling raw mangoes, extracting the pulp, and blending it with spices like roasted cumin, black salt, and mint. Sweeteners like sugar or jaggery are added to balance the sourness. Aam panna is not only delicious but also packed with nutrients, offering a good dose of vitamin C and aiding in digestion, making it both a tasty and healthy thirst quencher. Health Benefits of Aam Panna Beyond its refreshing taste, aam panna offers a host of health benefits that make it an ideal summer drink: Boosts immunity: Aam panna is rich in vitamin C from raw mangoes, which plays a vital role in strengthening the immune system, helping the body fight off infections and illnesses by enhancing the production of white blood cells. Aids digestion: The spices used in aam panna, such as cumin and mint, are known for their digestive properties; cumin stimulates the production of digestive enzymes, while mint has soothing effects that help alleviate bloating, indigestion, and stomach discomfort. Promotes skin and eye health: Mangoes are a great source of vitamin A, which supports healthy skin by promoting cell regeneration and protecting against skin damage, while vitamin C helps in the formation of collagen, leading to firmer skin and better vision by supporting the health of the cornea and retina. Supports heart health: Mangoes are high in potassium, a mineral that helps regulate blood pressure by balancing sodium levels in the body, which in turn reduces the risk of hypertension and supports overall heart health and proper cardiovascular function. Provides energy and reduces fatigue: The natural sugars (fructose and glucose) in aam panna offer a quick and sustainable energy boost, while the electrolytes such as potassium and magnesium help replenish lost minerals, preventing dehydration and reducing fatigue during hot weather or after physical activity. Reduces inflammation: Aam panna contains antioxidants like flavonoids and polyphenols, as well as black pepper, which have anti-inflammatory effects that can help reduce swelling and joint pain, making it beneficial for individuals suffering from conditions like arthritis. Supports liver health: Mangoes contain compounds such as mangiferin, which have been shown to support liver function, promote detoxification, and may help protect the liver from damage caused by free radicals, alcohol consumption, or toxins. How Aam Panna Helps Prevent Dehydration? Dehydration occurs when your body loses more fluids than it takes in, leading to an electrolyte imbalance. Common signs of dehydration include thirst, dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, and dark-coloured urine. Aam panna helps prevent dehydration in several ways: The water content in aam panna replenishes lost fluids, keeping you hydrated. The electrolytes in raw mangoes, such as potassium and magnesium, help retain water in the body and maintain fluid balance. The natural sugars in aam panna provide energy and encourage you to drink more, ensuring adequate hydration. Sipping on aam panna throughout the day, especially during peak heat hours, can help you stay hydrated and avoid the unpleasant symptoms of dehydration. Aam Panna as a Shield Against Heatstroke Heatstroke is a severe condition that occurs when your body overheats due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures or strenuous physical activity. Symptoms include high fever, headache, nausea, rapid heartbeat, and altered mental state. If left untreated, heatstroke can lead to organ damage and even be fatal. Aam panna acts as a shield against heatstroke by: The cooling spices in aam panna help lower body heat and prevent overheating. Adequate hydration is crucial for regulating body temperature. The electrolytes in aam panna help retain water and keep you hydrated. The natural sugars in aam panna give you an energy boost, helping you cope with the exhausting effects of extreme heat. To maximise the protective benefits of aam panna, drink it regularly during summer, especially before and after outdoor activities. How to Make Aam Panna at Home? Making aam panna at home is quite simple. Here's a quick recipe: Boil or roast raw green mangoes until soft. Remove the pulp and blend it with water, sugar, roasted cumin powder, mint leaves, and black salt to create a concentrate. Dilute the concentrate with chilled water to your desired consistency. Serve over ice and enjoy your refreshing glass of aam panna! You can adjust the sweetness and spice levels according to your taste preferences. Conclusion Aam panna is more than just a tasty summer beverage—it's a potent elixir that shields your body from the harmful effects of extreme heat. By preventing dehydration, reducing the risk of heat stroke, boosting immunity, and aiding digestion, this traditional Indian drink is a must-have in your summer diet. So, the next time you feel the temperature soaring, whip up a batch of aam panna and let its goodness work its magic on your health. At Metropolis Healthcare, we understand the importance of staying healthy during summer. Our team of expert phlebotomists can collect your blood samples from the comfort of your home for any diagnostic tests you may need. With our state-of-the-art laboratories and quick turnaround time, you can trust us to provide accurate results and personalised care. Book your tests today and take the first step towards a healthier summer!

Do your gums bleed easily when you brush or floss? You may have gingivitis, a mild form of gum disease that affects millions worldwide. Understanding the gingivitis meaning, causes, symptoms, and early warning signs is crucial for maintaining healthy gums and preventing more serious periodontal problems. What Is Gingivitis? Gingivitis is an early stage of gum disease that occurs when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up on teeth and along the gumline. This leads to inflammation, redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums. The gingivitis meaning is derived from "gingiva", which refers to the gums, and "-itis", meaning inflammation. While gingivitis is a mild condition, it can progress to a more severe form of gum disease called periodontitis if left untreated. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and early warning signs of gingivitis is crucial for maintaining good oral health. Who gets gingivitis? Gingivitis can affect anyone, but it’s more likely to develop in people with poor oral hygiene. Factors that increase the risk include ageing, smoking, hormonal changes (such as during puberty, pregnancy, or menopause), and health conditions like diabetes. Certain medications and a weakened immune system can also contribute. Regular brushing, flossing, and dental checkups are key to preventing gingivitis and maintaining overall gum health. How common is gingivitis? Gingivitis is a widespread condition, affecting a significant portion of the global population. According to the World Health Organization, severe gum disease is found in 15-20% of middle-aged adults worldwide. Is gingivitis contagious? While gingivitis itself is not contagious, the bacteria that cause it can spread through saliva. Sharing utensils, kissing, or other forms of close contact with someone who has poor oral hygiene can introduce these bacteria into your mouth. However, simply being exposed to these bacteria does not guarantee that you will develop gingivitis. Maintaining good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing, can help prevent the buildup of plaque and reduce your risk of gingivitis, even if you come into contact with the bacteria. Symptoms of gingivitis The most common symptoms of gingivitis include: Red, swollen, or puffy gums that may appear darker than usual Gums that bleed easily when brushing or flossing, even with gentle pressure Tender or sensitive gums that may feel sore to the touch Persistent bad breath (halitosis) that doesn't go away with brushing Receding gumline, making teeth appear longer than usual These symptoms may start off mild and are often painless, which is why they can go unnoticed. However, if left untreated, gingivitis can progress to more serious gum diseases like periodontitis. Early detection and good oral hygiene are key to reversing the condition and maintaining healthy gums. If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to visit your dentist for a proper evaluation and timely treatment. Causes of Gingivitis The primary reasons for gingivitis causes is the accumulation of plaque on teeth and along the gumline. Plaque is a sticky film composed of bacteria, food particles, and saliva. When plaque is not regularly removed through proper brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar (calculus), which can only be removed by a dental professional. Several factors can contribute to the development of gingivitis, including: Poor oral hygiene: Inadequate brushing, flossing, and regular dental check-ups allow plaque to build up and irritate the gums. Smoking or tobacco use: Smoking weakens the immune system and makes it harder for the body to fight off gum infections. Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in hormones during puberty, pregnancy, menopause, or menstruation can make gums more sensitive and prone to inflammation. Certain medications: Some drugs, such as anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers, and oral contraceptives, can affect gum health. Systemic diseases: Conditions like diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and cancer can lower the body's resistance to infection, making gums more susceptible to gingivitis. Also read: Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs): Its symptoms, causes and treatment Understanding these gingivitis causes can help you take steps to reduce your risk and maintain healthy gums. Early Warning Signs Recognising the early warning signs of gingivitis is crucial for prompt treatment and preventing the progression to more severe gum disease. Some of these signs include: Gum discolouration: Healthy gums are typically pale pink and firm. If you notice your gums turning red or purple, it may be an early indication of inflammation. Bleeding when brushing or flossing: While occasional bleeding can occur, consistent bleeding during oral hygiene routines is a common sign of gingivitis. Swollen or puffy gums: Gums that appear swollen or feel tender to the touch may be reacting to the presence of plaque and bacteria. Persistent bad breath: If you experience bad breath that doesn't improve with brushing or mouthwash, it could be a sign of bacterial buildup associated with gingivitis. Receding gums: As gingivitis progresses, you may notice your gums pulling away from your teeth, making them appear longer. Gingivitis Risk Factors While anyone can develop gingivitis, certain factors can increase your risk, including: Poor oral hygiene: Inconsistent or improper brushing and flossing techniques allow plaque to accumulate, leading to gum inflammation. Smoking or tobacco use: Smoking impairs blood flow to the gums, weakens the immune system, and slows down the healing process, making smokers more susceptible to gingivitis. Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations during puberty, pregnancy, menopause, or menstruation can increase gum sensitivity and inflammation risk. Poor nutrition: A diet lacking in essential nutrients, particularly vitamin C, can weaken the gums and make them more prone to infection. Certain medications: Some prescription drugs, such as oral contraceptives, anticonvulsants, and calcium channel blockers, can affect gum health. Systemic diseases: Conditions like diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and cancer can lower the body's resistance to infection, increasing the risk of gingivitis. Family history: Some people may be genetically predisposed to gum disease, making them more susceptible to gingivitis despite good oral hygiene habits. When to See a Dentist If you notice any signs of gingivitis, such as red, swollen, or bleeding gums, it's important to schedule a dental appointment. Your dentist can assess the severity of your condition and recommend an appropriate gingivitis treatment plan. Even if you don't have symptoms, regular dental check-ups are essential for maintaining good oral health. During these visits, your dentist can detect early signs of gingivitis and provide professional cleaning to remove plaque and tartar buildup. Don't wait until your symptoms worsen to seek dental care. Early intervention can help reverse gingivitis and prevent the development of more serious gum disease. Prevention Tips Preventing gingivitis involves maintaining good oral hygiene habits and making lifestyle changes to reduce your risk factors. Some tips for preventing gingivitis include: Brush your teeth twice a day with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste. Floss daily to remove plaque and food particles between teeth and along the gumline. Use an antiseptic mouthwash to help reduce plaque and bacteria buildup. Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamin C, which helps maintain gum health. Quit smoking or using tobacco products, as they can significantly increase your risk of gum disease. Manage chronic conditions like diabetes, which can make gums more susceptible to infection. Schedule regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings to remove plaque and tartar buildup. By incorporating these prevention tips into your daily routine, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing gingivitis and maintain healthy gums. Conclusion Remember, prevention is key when it comes to gingivitis. By maintaining good oral hygiene habits, eating a balanced diet, and scheduling regular dental check-ups, you can keep your gums healthy and avoid the need for extensive gingivitis treatment. If you're concerned about your gum health or have noticed any signs of gingivitis, don't hesitate to reach out to Metropolis Healthcare. Our team of experienced pathologists and healthcare professionals can provide accurate diagnostic testing and personalized guidance to help you maintain optimal oral health. FAQs Is gingivitis a serious problem? While gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease, it can progress to periodontitis if left untreated. Periodontitis is a more severe condition that can lead to tooth loss and other health complications. Will gingivitis go away if I brush more? Improving your oral hygiene habits, such as brushing twice a day and flossing daily, can help reverse gingivitis. However, if plaque and tartar have already accumulated, you may need professional dental cleaning. Can you reverse gingivitis on your own? In some cases, gingivitis can be reversed with improved oral hygiene habits at home. However, if your conditionis more advanced, you may need a professional gingivitis treatment plan to fully address the issue. How to fix gingivitis fast? The fastest way to treat gingivitis is to schedule a dental appointment for professional cleaning and follow your dentist's recommended gingivitis treatment plan. This may include a deep cleaning procedure called scaling and root planning. Does salt water help gingivitis? Rinsing with salt water can help temporarily soothe inflamed gums and promote healing. However, salt water rinses should be used in conjunction with other treatment methods, such as improved oral hygiene and professional dental care, for the best results. How often should I visit the dentist to prevent gingivitis? It is generally recommended to visit your dentist for a check-up and professional cleaning every six months. However, if you have a history of gum disease or other risk factors, your dentist may recommend more frequent visits.

White discharge before a period is a common occurrence for many women and is usually a normal part of the menstrual cycle. However, it can sometimes indicate other conditions like pregnancy or infections. Understanding what causes this white discharge, when it's normal, and when to seek medical advice is key to managing your reproductive health. What Is White Discharge? White discharge, medically known as leukorrhoea, is a fluid made up of cells and secretions from the vagina and cervix. Its purpose is to keep the vaginal tissues healthy, lubricated, and protected against infections. The quantity, consistency, and colour of discharge naturally fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle due to hormonal changes. Normal white discharge is typically: Thick, creamy or sticky in consistency White or slightly yellowish in colour Mild-smelling or odourless Non-irritating and painless What Causes White Discharge Before Your Period? Milky white discharge before a period is usually normal and is often linked to hormonal changes. However, it can also be a sign of other underlying conditions. Here are common causes: Hormonal changes: After ovulation, rising progesterone levels cause thick, white or cloudy cervical mucus. This is the most common and natural cause. Pregnancy: Increased discharge can be an early sign of pregnancy due to hormonal shifts that support the uterine lining. Birth control pills or hormonal contraceptives: These can alter hormone levels, leading to increased or thickened vaginal discharge. Yeast infection: Caused by Candida overgrowth, it can lead to thick, white, and clumpy discharge accompanied by itching and irritation. Bacterial vaginosis: A disruption in vaginal bacteria balance may cause thin white or grey discharge with a fishy odour. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Some STIs, like chlamydia or gonorrhoea, may cause abnormal white discharge, often with other symptoms like pain or odour. Stress or lifestyle changes: These can temporarily impact hormone levels, which may lead to changes in vaginal discharge. If white discharge is accompanied by itching, odour, or discomfort, it’s best to consult a healthcare provider for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Is White Discharge Before Period Normal? Yes, white discharge before your period is generally normal and part of the body’s natural menstrual cycle. This type of discharge is typically clear to milky white in colour, has a thin to moderately thick consistency, and is either odourless or has a mild, non-offensive smell. It usually occurs due to hormonal changes, especially increased progesterone after ovulation. According to research, approximately 55% of women notice an increase in vaginal discharge in the days leading up to their period. This discharge helps keep the vagina clean and maintain a healthy pH balance. The most common white discharge reason is this hormonal fluctuation, which causes the cervical mucus to thicken. As long as the discharge is not accompanied by itching, a strong odour, or a change in colour, it is typically nothing to worry about. However, any unusual symptoms should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to rule out infections. Discharges to Expect Throughout Your Cycle Throughout your menstrual cycle, hormonal fluctuations cause changes in vaginal discharge. Here's what you can expect: During menstruation: Discharge is typically absent or mixed with blood Immediately after period: Little to no discharge; some women experience dryness Leading up to ovulation: Discharge becomes more sticky, white, or cloudy due to rising estrogen levels Around ovulation: Clear, stretchy, slippery discharge (often egg white-like) After ovulation: Less abundant discharge; may appear cloudy or white again These variations in white discharge are a normal part of your cycle as hormone levels rise and fall. Causes of White Discharge Before Period White discharge before a period is generally normal and linked to hormonal changes, particularly rising oestrogen levels. As oestrogen increases, the cervix produces more mucus, which can appear white or cloudy. This milky white discharge before a period is your body's way of protecting the reproductive system by trapping bacteria and foreign particles. However, if your white discharge is accompanied by other symptoms like itching, burning, or a strong odour, it could indicate an infection. Common causes of abnormal white discharge include: Yeast infections: Caused by an overgrowth of fungus, resulting in thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge Bacterial vaginosis: An imbalance of vaginal bacteria leading to thin, grayish-white discharge with a fishy smell Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Some STIs like chlamydia or gonorrhoea, can cause abnormal discharge If you suspect your white discharge reason is an infection, it's important to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment. When Should You Be Concerned? While white discharge before a period is generally considered normal, certain signs may indicate an underlying issue that needs medical attention. You should be concerned if the discharge is accompanied by itching, irritation, or a strong, unpleasant odour, as these may suggest a vaginal infection. Thick, clumpy discharge that resembles cottage cheese is a common symptom of a yeast infection, which often causes significant discomfort. Additionally, if the discharge persists, changes colour to yellowish or greenish, or is accompanied by pelvic pain, it could be a sign of bacterial vaginosis, a sexually transmitted infection, or another condition that requires treatment. Some women may also notice white discharge but no period, which can be linked to early pregnancy or hormonal imbalances. If you're experiencing unusual symptoms along with the discharge or are unsure about the cause, it's important to consult a healthcare provider. Timely diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and ensure proper reproductive health. Trusting your instincts and seeking help when something feels off is essential for maintaining overall well-being. In short, while occasional white discharge is part of a healthy menstrual cycle, significant changes in its appearance, smell, or accompanying symptoms should not be ignored. Home Remedies & Management For normal white discharge before your period, practicing good hygiene can help maintain vaginal health and prevent irritation or infection. Here are some effective tips: Wear breathable, cotton underwear to reduce moisture buildup and allow airflow. Change out of wet or sweaty clothes promptly to prevent bacterial or fungal growth. Wipe from front to back after using the restroom to avoid spreading bacteria from the anus to the vagina. Avoid douching or using scented products in the genital area, as these can disrupt the natural pH balance and cause irritation. If you experience mild symptoms such as itching or slight irritation, over-the-counter antifungal creams, wipes, or soothing natural remedies like coconut oil may offer temporary relief. However, if the symptoms persist, worsen, or return frequently, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment. Self-care helps, but medical attention ensures long-term health. Medical Treatments The treatment for abnormal white discharge depends on its underlying cause. A healthcare provider will typically begin with a pelvic exam and may collect a sample of the discharge for lab analysis to identify infections or hormonal imbalances. Based on the diagnosis, the following treatments may be recommended: Antifungal medications for yeast infections, which can be prescribed as creams, ointments, pills, or vaginal suppositories. Antibiotics for bacterial infections such as bacterial vaginosis or certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Hormonal treatments to correct imbalances that may be affecting the consistency or amount of vaginal discharge. It’s important to follow the prescribed treatment exactly and complete the full course of medication, even if symptoms improve early. Early and accurate diagnosis ensures effective management, reduces the risk of complications, and promotes reproductive health. Always consult a healthcare provider rather than self-diagnosing or using over-the-counter treatments without guidance. Conclusion White discharge before period is a common experience for many women and is usually no cause for concern. However, if your discharge is accompanied by other symptoms or you suspect an infection, don't hesitate to consult a healthcare provider. At Metropolis Healthcare, we understand the importance of women's health. With a network of labs across India, convenient at-home sample collection, and easy online report access, we're committed to delivering the care you need for optimal reproductive health. FAQs How many days before a period do you get white discharge? White discharge can occur at any point in your cycle but is more common in the days leading up to ovulation and can persist until your period begins. Can white discharge be a sign of pregnancy? White discharge before a period is not a sign of pregnancy itself but hormonal changes in early pregnancy can lead to increased discharge. If you have white discharge and early pregnancy symptoms like a missed period or nausea, take a pregnancy test to confirm. What does thick white discharge before a period mean? Thick white discharge before period is often normal due to hormonal changes, especially rising estrogen levels. However, very thick, clumpy discharge could indicate a yeast infection. Why do I have white discharge but no period? White discharge without a period could be due to hormonal imbalances, stress, or other factors affecting your cycle. Consult a healthcare provider for evaluation. When does the white discharge stop? White discharge typically decreases after ovulation but can continue until your next period starts. Every woman's cycle is unique. What are the ways to cure white discharge? Treatment for abnormal white discharge depends on the cause. Yeast infections may require antifungal medications, while bacterial infections need antibiotics. Your provider can recommend the appropriate treatment. How many days before my period does the white discharge start? White discharge can start any time but is common in the days before ovulation, around the midpoint of a typical 28-day cycle. What is the reason for white discharge? The main white discharge reason is hormonal changes, especially rising estrogen, which increases cervical mucus production. How can I prevent abnormal discharge? Practice good hygiene, wear breathable clothing, and manage stress to prevent abnormal discharge. See a provider if symptoms persist. Is white discharge after ovulation normal? Yes, white discharge after ovulation is normal. Some women experience thicker, creamier discharge as progesterone levels rise post-ovulation.

Have you ever experienced a sudden, painful tightening of your muscles? This involuntary contraction is called a muscle spasm or muscle cramps. While usually harmless, muscle spasms can cause significant discomfort and interfere with daily activities. Understanding what triggers these cramps and how to manage them can help you find relief and prevent future episodes. What are muscle spasms (muscle cramps)? Muscle spasm is an abrupt, forceful contraction of one or more muscles. These cramps often strike without warning, causing the affected muscle to feel hard and tight. Muscle spasms can occur in any muscle but are most common in the legs, especially the calves (leg cramps), feet, thighs, hands, and arms. Some people also experience muscle spasms in the lower back and neck. The intense contraction usually lasts a few seconds to several minutes and may recur multiple times before subsiding. Who gets muscle spasms? Muscle cramps can affect people of all ages, but they are more prevalent in older adults and athletes. According to a study, around 60% of adults experience nocturnal leg cramps. Individuals who engage in strenuous physical activities, have certain medical conditions, or take specific medications are also more prone to developing muscle spasms. However, even without any apparent risk factors, anyone can get muscle spasms in the neck or any other part of the body occasionally. Are muscle spasms (muscle cramps) serious? In most cases, muscle spasms are not a cause for serious concern. They are painful and can momentarily limit movement, but they typically resolve on their own without causing lasting damage. However, frequent or severe muscle cramps may indicate an underlying health issue that requires medical attention, such as: Dehydration Electrolyte imbalances Nerve disorders Inadequate blood flow Mineral deficiencies If you experience muscle spasms regularly, accompanied by other symptoms, or they interfere significantly with your daily life, it's best to consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate muscle cramps treatment. Causes of Muscle Spasms Several factors can contribute to the development of muscle spasms, including leg spasm causes: Overuse and muscle fatigue: Engaging in intense exercise, especially in hot weather, can lead to muscle cramps. Dehydration: When you lose too much fluid through sweating or don't drink enough water, your muscles can become prone to spasms. Electrolyte imbalances: Imbalances in minerals like potassium, magnesium, and calcium, which help regulate muscle contractions, can trigger muscle cramps. Poor posture and prolonged sitting: Maintaining an awkward position for extended periods can put undue stress on your muscles, causing them to spasm. Nerve compression: Conditions like spinal stenosis or herniated discs can compress nerves, leading to muscle cramps. Symptoms of Muscle Spasms Muscle spasms can be sudden and painful, often catching individuals off guard. The term spasm meaning an involuntary muscle contraction, typically describes a sharp and intense sensation. These episodes are usually brief but can leave lingering effects. Common symptoms include: Sudden, sharp pain in the affected muscle that may feel like a stabbing or cramping sensation. Visible twitching or hardening of the muscle under the skin, which may be noticeable to the touch or sight. Tenderness and soreness in the area after the spasm passes, sometimes lasting for hours. Temporary difficulty moving the muscle due to pain, tightness, or stiffness following the muscle cramps. These symptoms can affect any muscle but are most frequently experienced in the legs, arms, or back. Prompt stretching and hydration may help relieve the discomfort. Risk Factors for Muscle Spasms Several factors can increase the risk of developing muscle spasms, which are sudden, involuntary contractions of one or more muscles. While muscle cramps can affect anyone, certain individuals are more prone to experiencing them due to age, lifestyle, or underlying health conditions. Common risk factors include: Age: Older adults are more susceptible to muscle cramps, often due to natural muscle loss, reduced activity levels, or decreased hydration. Dehydration: Failing to stay properly hydrated—especially during intense physical activity or hot weather—can lead to electrolyte imbalances, triggering cramps. Pregnancy: Pregnant women, particularly in the third trimester, frequently experience leg cramps, likely due to weight gain, changes in circulation, and pressure on nerves. Medical conditions: Chronic conditions such as nerve disorders, diabetes, thyroid imbalances, or liver disease can increase the likelihood of muscle spasms. These conditions may affect how nerves communicate with muscles. Medications: Certain prescription drugs, including diuretics, statins, and medications for high blood pressure, may list muscle cramps as a side effect due to changes in fluid or electrolyte balance. Being aware of these risk factors can help with the prevention and early management of muscle spasms. How Are Muscle Spasms Diagnosed? Diagnosing muscle spasms typically begins with a detailed clinical evaluation. Your doctor will start by reviewing your medical history and asking you to describe your symptoms—especially the sudden, involuntary tightening of muscles that may cause pain or restrict movement. A physical examination follows, where the doctor checks for visible muscle contractions, tenderness, and stiffness in the affected area. You may be asked to perform specific stretches or movements to assess whether these relieve the spasm or trigger discomfort. For muscle cramps that are frequent, severe, or unexplained, further diagnostic tests may be recommended to determine the underlying cause: Electromyography (EMG): This test measures electrical activity in your muscles and helps differentiate common muscle cramps from more complex neuromuscular disorders. Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans: These are useful for detecting structural abnormalities, nerve compression, or lesions in muscles and surrounding tissues. Blood tests: These are used to evaluate for electrolyte imbalances (such as low potassium, calcium, or magnesium), thyroid issues, or signs of muscle damage. Muscle biopsy: In rare cases, a small sample of muscle tissue may be examined microscopically to rule out diseases like muscular dystrophy or inflammatory myopathies. Additionally, to determine nocturnal leg cramp causes, diagnosis may involve criteria focused on frequency, pain severity, and specific muscle groups affected. This comprehensive approach helps identify both the cause and the best treatment strategy. Prevention Preventing muscle cramps involves addressing the common triggers and taking steps to maintain healthy muscle function. Dehydration is a major cause of muscle spasms. Make sure to drink enough water and fluids throughout the day, especially when exercising or in hot weather. Eat a diet rich in essential minerals like potassium, magnesium, and calcium that support proper muscle contraction and relaxation. Replenish electrolytes after intense workouts. Stretching your muscles before and after physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of muscle spasms, particularly if you lead an active lifestyle or have a job that involves repetitive muscle movements. Focus on stretching the muscle groups prone to spasms. And give your muscles adequate rest between workouts. Refrain from holding prolonged static positions or pushing your muscles to the point of exhaustion, as this can trigger spasms. Finally, certain underlying health issues like diabetes, nerve disorders, or vascular diseases can increase the likelihood of muscle spasms. Work with your doctor to keep these conditions well-controlled. Best Treatments The treatment approach for muscle spasms varies based on the severity of the spasm and its underlying cause. For immediate relief, here's what you can do: Gently stretch the affected muscle and massage the area to help the contracted muscle fibres relax. Apply a heat pack to the tense muscles to improve blood flow and loosen tightness. Alternatively, you can use a cold compress to reduce inflammation and pain. If dehydration is suspected, drink plenty of fluids and consider replenishing electrolytes with drinks or supplements. Over-the-counter pain medications like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help alleviate discomfort and inflammation associated with muscle cramps. For chronic or severe cases of muscle spasms, your doctor may prescribe: Muscle relaxants to reduce muscle hyperactivity Specific medications that target neurotransmitters involved in muscle contraction Physical therapy exercises to improve flexibility and muscle conditioning Botox injections to temporarily paralyse overactive muscles, especially for spasms related to dystonia or neuromuscular conditions When to See a Doctor Occasional muscle spasms are usually harmless, but you should see a doctor if they are severe, frequent, or worsening over time. Seek medical advice if spasms don’t improve with stretching or hydration, cause lingering pain, muscle weakness, numbness, or swelling, or interfere with sleep and daily activities. Also consult a doctor if you have underlying health conditions, take certain medications, or notice sudden spasms with fever or dark-coloured urine. Conclusion By understanding the preventive strategies and treatment options available, you can take proactive steps to keep your muscles healthy and minimise the occurrence of muscle spasms. If you find yourself experiencing frequent, severe, or persistent muscle spasms, don't hesitate to consult your healthcare provider for personalised guidance and care. At Metropolis Healthcare, we understand the importance of accurate diagnosis in managing conditions like recurrent muscle spasms. Our team of expert phlebotomists provide convenient at-home blood sample collection for testing key parameters like electrolyte levels. With our state-of-the-art diagnostic labs and user-friendly online reporting system, you can access reliable results to inform your muscle health plan. FAQs What does a muscle spasm feel like? A muscle spasm is experienced as a sudden and involuntary tightening of the muscle that can be painful and last for a few seconds to several minutes. You may feel a hard lump in the affected muscle during the spasm, and it can limit your range of motion temporarily. What deficiency causes muscle cramps? Deficiencies in certain electrolytes, primarily potassium, magnesium, and calcium, are well-known causes of muscle cramps. What causes severe muscle cramps all over the body? Widespread muscle spasms across the body can result from systemic factors like severe dehydration, major electrolyte imbalances, neurological disorders, adverse effects of certain medications, or underlying metabolic conditions. Some neuromuscular diseases can also cause extensive muscle spasms. What's the difference between a muscle spasm and a muscle cramp? While often used interchangeably, muscle spasms generally refer to any involuntary muscle contraction, whether painful or not, while muscle cramps specifically denote sudden, painful contractions or tightening of the muscle. Can dehydration cause muscle spasms? Yes, absolutely. Dehydration is one of the most common causes of muscle cramps and spasms. Does magnesium help prevent muscle spasms? Magnesium is a vital mineral for proper muscle function, and its deficiency is linked to muscle spasms. Ensuring an adequate intake of magnesium through diet or supplements can help prevent muscle cramps. When should I see my healthcare provider? It's advisable to consult your healthcare provider if you experience frequent, severe, or worsening muscle spasms that do not respond to home care measures.

Worried about an upcoming MRCP test or wondering why your doctor recommended it? You’re not the only one with questions. Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a safe and painless imaging test used to look at your pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. It helps doctors understand what might be causing symptoms like abdominal pain or jaundice.  Knowing what to expect before, during, and after the scan can ease your concerns and help you feel more prepared. Here’s what you need to know about the MRCP test. What is an MRCP Test? An MRCP (Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography) test is a non-invasive imaging test that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of your abdomen. It focuses on the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas, and pancreatic ducts. The scan is completely painless and doesn’t use radiation. Instead, it uses safe radiofrequency waves and powerful magnets to gather information.  The MRCP scan is often used as an alternative to more invasive procedures, such as endoscopy, especially when doctors need a clearer picture of your internal organs. Why is MRCP Performed? Your doctor may suggest an MRCP scan if you are experiencing unexplained symptoms related to your abdomen or digestive system. It is commonly used for diagnosis, monitoring, and planning treatment. Helps detect gallstones or blockages in the bile ducts that could be causing pain or jaundice. Identifies inflammation in the pancreas or gallbladder, helping doctors manage pancreatitis or cholecystitis. Assists in spotting tumours or signs of cancer in the bile ducts or pancreas. Checks for congenital abnormalities in the ducts that could be affecting digestion or causing chronic symptoms. Evaluates complications following abdominal surgery or other treatments involving bile or pancreatic ducts. How to Prepare for an MRCP Test? Preparing for an MRCP test is simple but important. Following your doctor’s guidance will ensure the results are clear and accurate. Most preparation steps focus on ensuring your abdomen is still and clear of any obstructions during imaging. Fasting: You will likely be asked not to eat or drink anything for at least four to six hours before the scan. This helps reduce fluid and movement in your abdomen. Clothing: Wear comfortable clothes without metal fastenings. You may be asked to change into a gown to avoid any interference from zippers, buttons, or jewellery. Remove metal objects: Leave jewellery, hairpins, dentures, and electronic devices outside the scanning room, as metal can disrupt the MRCP procedure. Inform your doctor: Let your healthcare team know if you have implants such as pacemakers, cochlear devices, or metal plates. Some implants may not be compatible with MRI machines. Claustrophobia: If you feel nervous in enclosed spaces, talk to your doctor. A mild sedative may be recommended to help you relax. Medications: Continue taking your usual medicines unless your doctor tells you otherwise. Some supplements or non-prescription drugs may be paused temporarily. What's the Purpose of the MRCP Test? The main goal of an MRCP scan is to diagnose and monitor conditions affecting your abdominal organs, especially the bile and pancreatic ducts. It provides high-quality images to guide your doctor in making accurate decisions. Diagnoses blockages or strictures in the bile ducts or pancreatic ducts, which can cause pain or digestive problems. Detects stones, tumours, or cysts, even those that are not visible on ultrasound or other scans. Assesses chronic conditions such as pancreatitis or liver disease by checking for structural changes over time. Avoids invasive procedures when imaging alone is sufficient for diagnosis, offering a safer alternative for many patients. MRCP Test Procedure If you're scheduled for an MRCP scan, knowing what happens during the scan can help you feel more at ease. It’s a straightforward process and doesn’t involve any needles unless contrast dye is required. Arrival and check-in: When you arrive, you'll be guided through a safety checklist to make sure there are no metal objects or implants that may interfere with the scan. Changing clothes: You’ll be asked to remove jewellery and may be provided with a hospital gown for comfort and safety. Lying down for the scan: You’ll lie flat on a table that slides into the MRI machine. Devices called coils may be placed around your abdomen to help capture clear images. Ear protection: The machine can make loud noises, so you’ll be offered headphones or earplugs to minimise discomfort. Staying still: You’ll need to lie very still, and at times, you may be asked to hold your breath for a few seconds. This helps avoid blurry images. Use of contrast dye: In some cases, a contrast agent (usually gadolinium) is injected to highlight specific areas. You may feel a cool sensation during this injection. Communication: Though the technician will be in another room, they will see, hear, and talk to you throughout the scan using an intercom. Scan duration: The scan usually takes around 15 to 20 minutes. If combined with a full abdominal MRI, it may last up to 45 minutes. After the scan: There is usually no recovery time unless sedation was used. You can resume your normal routine right after. Understanding MRCP Results After your MRCP test, the images are reviewed by a radiologist who prepares a report for your doctor. These results help determine the next steps in your care. Timeframe: Results are typically ready within a few days. Your doctor will contact you to explain them. What results show: The report will indicate if there are any signs of blockages, stones, inflammation, or other abnormalities. Next steps: Depending on the findings, your doctor may recommend further tests, treatment, or monitoring. In many cases, the scan alone is enough to plan your care. Why Do You Need The MRCP Test? You might be advised to get an MRCP scan if you have symptoms or a medical history that suggests issues with your digestive system. It offers clarity when other tests aren’t conclusive. Abdominal pain: Especially if it’s in the upper abdomen or persists without clear cause. Signs of liver or gallbladder issues: Such as jaundice, dark urine, or light-coloured stools. Recurring digestive symptoms: Including nausea, vomiting, or bloating that does not improve. Follow-up after pancreatitis: To assess damage or scarring of the ducts or pancreas. Family or personal history: If you’ve had gallstones, liver disease, or pancreatitis before, an MRCP scan can help monitor your condition. Benefits of MRCP Test The MRCP test provides several advantages over other imaging techniques and procedures. It’s a preferred choice in many cases because of its safety and accuracy. Non-invasive and painless: No cuts, scopes, or anaesthesia are involved, making it easier to undergo and recover from. No radiation exposure: It uses magnetic fields and radio waves, making it safe for most people, including children and pregnant women in later stages. Detailed imaging: It creates high-resolution images of soft tissues and ducts, helping in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Reduces need for invasive procedures: In many cases, it can replace endoscopy or exploratory surgery when only imaging is needed. Quick and safe: The MRCP procedure is relatively short, and side effects are rare. Helpful in ongoing care: Doctors often use it to monitor chronic conditions and assess treatment progress over time. Risks of MRCP Test An MRCP scan is considered very safe. However, like any medical test, there are a few things to be aware of. These risks are rare and manageable with proper precautions. Claustrophobia or discomfort: Some people may feel uneasy inside the MRI machine. Let your doctor know if you’re nervous — a sedative can help. Allergy to contrast dye: Though uncommon, some individuals may react to gadolinium-based contrast. Symptoms are usually mild, such as itching or nausea. Implants and metal devices: People with certain implants like pacemakers may not be able to have an MRCP scan unless the device is MRI-safe. Kidney concerns: Gadolinium may be risky for people with severe kidney disease, so your kidney function will be checked beforehand. Temporary side effects: Some people report a metallic taste in their mouth or a warm sensation after contrast dye. These effects usually fade quickly. Are There Any MRCP Test Side-Effects? For most people, the MRCP scan does not cause any side-effects. It’s a gentle test, but a few individuals may feel mild symptoms during or after the scan. Mild discomfort from lying still: You may experience some stiffness or mild pain in your back or hips if you have to remain still for a long time. Reactions to contrast dye: These are rare and usually mild, like nausea, dizziness, or warmth at the injection site. Claustrophobia: If you’re anxious in tight spaces, speak with your doctor beforehand to discuss options. Metal-related concerns: If you unknowingly have metal in your body, it may affect scan quality or cause minor irritation. Headphones or loud sounds: The scanner can be noisy. Headphones help, but some people find the sound uncomfortable. What are the Limitations of the MRCP Test? While the MRCP scan is highly useful, it has a few limitations depending on your individual health or the technical setup. Image quality: If you move during the scan or have metal implants, the images may not be clear enough for diagnosis. Not suitable for everyone: Some implanted devices may interfere with MRI. Always inform your care provider beforehand. Not therapeutic: Unlike ERCP, the MRCP scan is diagnostic only. It can’t treat or take tissue samples during the scan. Obesity or body size: Some patients may not comfortably fit in standard MRI machines, although open MRI options are available in some centres. Scan timing: An irregular heartbeat or certain motion disorders may affect scan quality. Contrast use: Though rare, gadolinium is avoided during early pregnancy unless absolutely necessary. MRCP Scans Vs ERCP Scans Both MRCP and ERCP are used to evaluate the bile and pancreatic ducts. However, they differ in approach and purpose. Understanding the difference between MRCP vs. ERCP can help you make informed decisions. Feature MRCP Scan ERCP Scan Type Non-invasive MRI imaging Invasive endoscopic procedure Radiation No radiation involved Uses X-rays and contrast dye Anaesthesia Not needed (unless sedative is required) Requires sedation or anaesthesia Use Diagnosis only Diagnosis + treatment (e.g., stents, biopsies) Risk level Low risk of complications Higher risk including pancreatitis, bleeding Recovery time Immediate May need recovery and observation post-procedure MRCP Test Price The MRCP test cost varies depending on where you have it done and whether contrast dye is used. Generally, the price ranges from ₹3,000 to ₹8,000. Factors like the type of hospital, equipment used, and consultation fees can affect the final price. Private centres may charge more, especially if advanced machines or quick reporting is offered.  If you have health insurance, check if it covers imaging tests like the MRCP scan, as this could significantly reduce your out-of-pocket expenses. Factors Affecting the MRCP Test Cost The MRCP test cost isn’t fixed and may vary for several reasons. Knowing what contributes to the pricing can help you plan better. Location of the facility: Urban areas with advanced diagnostic centres may charge more than smaller towns. Type of facility: Costs differ between government hospitals, private hospitals, and standalone diagnostic centres. Use of contrast dye: If a contrast agent is required, this adds to the total price of the scan. Radiologist’s expertise: Highly experienced radiologists may command higher fees for reviewing the scan. Additional services: Consultation, follow-up visits, and digital report access may increase the overall cost. Machine quality: Newer, high-resolution MRI machines tend to be costlier but produce clearer results. Health insurance: If your plan includes diagnostic scans, it may cover part or all of the MRCP scan cost. Discounts or packages: Some centres offer bundled packages or discounts that can lower the cost significantly. Conclusion The MRCP scan is a safe and reliable test that helps doctors identify problems in your liver, pancreas, and bile ducts without invasive procedures. Understanding why it's done and what to expect can ease your concerns and help you prepare.  For trusted diagnostic services, expert care, and accurate reporting, consider getting your scan done with Metropolis Healthcare, known for its quality standards and nationwide presence. FAQs Q1. Is MRCP painful? No, the MRCP scan is painless. You may feel slight discomfort from lying still during the scan. Q2. How long does the MRCP test take? The MRCP scan usually takes 15–20 minutes, but may extend to 45 minutes with abdominal imaging included. Q3. Can MRCP detect all types of gallstones? Yes, the MRCP scan can detect most gallstones, especially those located in the bile ducts and gallbladder. Q4. Is MRCP safe during pregnancy? The MRCP scan is generally safe during later pregnancy, but avoided in the first trimester unless medically necessary. Q5. What organs can be observed in the MRCP test? The MRCP scan shows your liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas, and pancreatic duct in detailed cross-sectional images. Q6. How accurate is a MRCP test? The MRCP scan has an accuracy rate between 89%–94% with a high sensitivity for detecting biliary and pancreatic conditions. Q7. What is the difference between MRCP test and the MRI scan? The MRCP scan is a type of MRI focused specifically on visualising bile and pancreatic ducts in your abdomen. Q8. What is the MRCP test cost? The MRCP test cost typically ranges from ₹3,000 to ₹8,000, depending on location, centre, and contrast usage. Q9. What’s the difference between an MRCP and an MRI? The MRCP scan is a specialised MRI focused on bile and pancreatic ducts, while MRI images various body tissues broadly. Q10. What are the advantages of the MRCP and ERCP scans? MRCP is non-invasive and safer; ERCP allows treatment like stent placement but carries higher procedural risk.

Mangoes: More Than Just a Sweet Treat Mangoes, the sweet and juicy tropical fruit, are not only a treat for your taste buds but also a powerhouse of nutrients that offer numerous health benefits. Packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, mangoes can be a valuable addition to a balanced diet. In this article, we'll explore the impressive benefits of mangoes and how they can contribute to your overall well-being. From supporting immune function to aiding digestive health, mangoes have much more to offer than just their delightful taste. Nutritional Profile of Mangoes Mangoes are a low-calorie fruit that is rich in essential nutrients. The table below summarises the key nutrients found in 100 grams of raw mango: Nutrient Amount (per 100 grams) Calories 60 kcal Fiber 1.6 g Vitamin A 1080 IU Carbohydrates 15 g Total Sugars 13.7 g Calcium 11 mg Iron 0.16 mg Magnesium 10 mg Vitamin C 36.4 mg As you can see, mangoes provide a good amount of fibre, vitamin C, and other essential nutrients while being relatively low in calories. Health Benefits of Mangoes Mangoes are not only delicious and refreshing tropical fruits, but they also offer a wide range of health benefits due to their rich content of essential vitamins, antioxidants, and fibre that support overall well-being and boost immunity when consumed regularly. Here are some of the health benefits of mangoes: 1. Supports Immune System One of the key benefits of mangoes is their ability to support the immune system. Mangoes are an excellent source of vitamin C, which plays a crucial role in maintaining a strong immune system. Vitamin C helps stimulate the production of white blood cells, which are the body's first line of defence against infections and diseases. A single cup of mango provides 67% of the recommended daily intake of vitamin C. Additionally, mangoes contain other immune-boosting nutrients like vitamin A, vitamin E, and copper. 2. Improves Digestive Health Mangoes can also contribute to better digestive health. The fibre content in mangoes helps promote regular bowel movements and prevents constipation. Fibre adds bulk to the stool, making it easier to pass through the digestive tract. Moreover, mangoes contain a type of fibre called pectin, which acts as a prebiotic, feeding the beneficial bacteria in the gut. A healthy gut microbiome is essential for proper digestion and overall well-being. Including mangoes in your diet can help keep your digestive system functioning smoothly. 3. Maintains Heart and Blood Pressure Health Another significant benefit of mangoes is their potential to support heart health and maintain healthy blood pressure levels. Mangoes are a good source of potassium, a mineral that helps regulate blood pressure by counteracting the effects of sodium. Adequate potassium intake is associated with a lower risk of high blood pressure and stroke. Additionally, the fibre and antioxidants in mangoes may help reduce cholesterol levels and protect against oxidative stress, both of which are risk factors for heart disease. 4. Regulates Blood Sugar Despite their sweet taste, mangoes can be a part of a balanced diet for individuals with diabetes or those looking to manage their blood sugar levels. While mangoes do contain natural sugars, they also have a low glycaemic index, meaning they don't cause a rapid spike in blood sugar levels. The fibre in mangoes slows down the absorption of sugar, helping to regulate blood sugar levels. However, it's important to consume mangoes in moderation and as part of a balanced diet, especially for those with diabetes. 5. Weight Management Incorporating mangoes into your diet may also support your weight management goals. Mangoes are relatively low in calories, with one cup containing approximately 100 calories. They are also high in fibre, which can help you feel full and satisfied for longer periods, reducing the likelihood of overeating or snacking on unhealthy foods. The natural sweetness of mangoes can also help curb sugar cravings, making them a healthier alternative to processed snacks or desserts. 6. Skin and Hair Benefits The benefits of mangoes extend beyond internal health; they can also contribute to healthier skin and hair. Mangoes are rich in vitamins A and C, which are essential for maintaining healthy skin. Vitamin A supports skin cell turnover, helping to keep your skin looking fresh and youthful. Vitamin C, on the other hand, is crucial for collagen production, which gives your skin its elasticity and firmness. The antioxidants in mangoes also help protect your skin from damage caused by free radicals and UV rays. Additionally, the vitamin A in mangoes promotes healthy hair growth and prevents hair loss. 7. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects Mangoes contain a variety of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds that contribute to overall health and well-being. Antioxidants like beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin help neutralise harmful free radicals in the body, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Chronic inflammation is linked to various health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. The anti-inflammatory properties of mangoes may help reduce the risk of these chronic diseases. Additionally, the antioxidants in mangoes support healthy ageing by protecting cells from damage and promoting optimal function. Conclusion Mangoes are not only a delicious and refreshing fruit but also a nutritional powerhouse that offers numerous health benefits. From supporting immune function and digestive health to promoting heart health and healthy skin, the benefits of mangoes are truly impressive. Incorporating this sweet fruit into your diet can be a simple and enjoyable way to boost your overall well-being. At Metropolis Healthcare, we understand the importance of a balanced diet in maintaining good health. Our team of expert pathologists and technicians provides accurate and reliable diagnostic services, including blood tests and health check-ups, to help you monitor your health and make informed lifestyle choices. If you're looking to take control of your well-being, consider booking an at-home sample collection with Metropolis Healthcare today.

Do you often find yourself feeling drained or unwell as the summer heat sets in? You're not imagining it—India’s scorching temperatures can quietly trigger a range of health issues. While summer diseases are common, they don’t have to disrupt your life.  This blog offers clear, trustworthy guidance to help you understand what’s happening to your body and how to stay protected. With just a few thoughtful changes in your daily routine, you can enjoy a safer, healthier summer—for both yourself and those you care about. 10 Most Common Summer Diseases The summer season in India brings intense heat, humidity, and changes in lifestyle that can make you more prone to certain health issues. Knowing what to watch out for helps you take simple steps to stay safe.  Here are the 10 most common summer diseases and how they affect your body. Heat Stroke Heat stroke happens when your body overheats due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures. It’s more common if you're out in the sun without hydration or shade. You may feel dizzy, weak, and confused, sometimes with nausea or rapid heartbeat. These are signs your body is struggling to cool down. Avoid going out during peak sun hours (12 PM–4 PM). If you must, wear light, loose-fitting clothes and carry water. Keep yourself cool with frequent sips of water, staying in shaded or air-conditioned places, and using wet towels on your neck or forehead. Food Poisoning Contaminated food and water are major concerns in the summer season, especially with improper storage in the heat. Symptoms like stomach pain, vomiting, and diarrhoea can appear quickly after eating unsafe food. Always eat freshly cooked food and avoid items from street vendors or stalls without proper hygiene. Store food properly—refrigerate leftovers immediately and don’t consume items left in the open for long. Read: Food Poisoning: Its Causes, and Treatments Dehydration In summer, your body loses more water through sweat, making it easy to become dehydrated. You might feel very thirsty, tired, and light-headed, or notice dark urine. These are early signs to watch for. Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day, even if you're not feeling thirsty. Include water, coconut water, and fresh juices. Avoid too much caffeine and alcohol, as they increase fluid loss and worsen dehydration. Mumps Mumps is a viral infection that becomes more frequent in summer, especially among children and teens. Swelling near the jaw or cheeks, along with fever and muscle pain, are common symptoms. Make sure vaccinations are up to date, as this offers the best protection. If infected, rest and isolate, and offer fluids and soft foods for comfort. Chicken Pox This viral illness spreads easily during summer, especially among school children. Small, itchy red spots or blisters appear all over the body, often with fever and fatigue. Keep the infected person at home, away from others, until all blisters have dried. Use calamine lotion and cool baths to ease itching and discomfort. Read: Chickenpox: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis for All Ages Measles Another viral disease that becomes more active in summer, measles can cause complications if not addressed early. Rashes starting on the face, along with cough and red eyes, are early signs. Ensure your child is vaccinated, as this is the most effective way to prevent infection. Seek medical attention early if symptoms appear—early care reduces complications. Typhoid Contaminated water and food can lead to typhoid, a bacterial infection common during summer season diseases outbreaks. Symptoms include prolonged fever, weakness, and digestive problems. Drink only filtered or boiled water, and avoid raw or unwashed produce. Complete the full course of antibiotics, if prescribed, and take enough rest to recover fully. Read: Typhoid Fever: Symptoms, Causes, Stages & How Long Does it Last? Sunburn Direct exposure to harsh sunlight without protection can damage your skin. Red, painful skin that feels hot to the touch is a sign of sunburn. Always apply sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) before stepping out in the sun. Wear protective clothing and use umbrellas or hats to shield your skin. Heat Rashes These are small red bumps or blisters that occur when sweat blocks your skin pores. Common in children and active adults, heat rashes can be itchy and uncomfortable. Wear breathable, cotton clothes and avoid tight outfits that trap sweat. Take cool showers and use gentle powders to soothe irritated skin. Read: Heat Rash - Types, Symptoms, Causes and Treatment Other Waterborne Diseases in Summer Diseases like cholera, dysentery, and hepatitis A increase during the summer season, mainly due to unclean water. Frequent loose motions, vomiting, or jaundice symptoms may indicate waterborne infections. Avoid drinking water from unknown sources—stick to filtered or bottled water when outside. Practice good hand hygiene, especially before eating and after using the toilet. Tips to Prevent Summer Diseases Staying healthy during summer doesn’t require drastic changes. A few mindful habits can go a long way in protecting you from summer diseases. Here are some practical and easy-to-follow tips. Keep yourself well-hydrated by drinking 8–10 glasses of water daily. Add natural drinks like coconut water, lemon water, or buttermilk to keep electrolytes balanced. Eat light, fresh, and home-cooked meals. Avoid oily and spicy food, which can upset your stomach more easily during hot weather. Practice good personal hygiene, such as washing hands frequently and showering after being out in the sun or sweating a lot. Store food correctly. Refrigerate perishable items and reheat leftovers properly before eating. Use mosquito nets or repellents, especially in the evenings, to prevent bites that could lead to vector-borne diseases. Wear loose, light-coloured clothes, ideally cotton, to allow your body to breathe and reduce the risk of heat-related issues. Apply sunscreen and carry an umbrella or hat if you're going out during the day. Avoid overcrowded places during outbreaks of viral summer season diseases, particularly if you have children or elderly people at home. By following these tips, you can lower your chances of getting affected by summer diseases and enjoy the season in good health and comfort. Conclusion With high temperatures and rising humidity, staying informed and cautious can help you avoid the most common summer diseases. Whether it’s protecting your skin, staying hydrated, or eating safe food, small steps make a big difference. Regular check-ups can also help detect early signs of summer season diseases before they get serious. For accurate diagnosis and expert testing, consider Metropolis Healthcare—a trusted name with 40+ years of experience, home collection services, and NABL/CAP-accredited labs for peace of mind. FAQs Which summer diseases spread fastest in India? Chickenpox, mumps, and measles spread quickly due to heat, poor hygiene, and close contact in summer. How do I know if it’s heatstroke or just dehydration? Heatstroke includes confusion and high fever; dehydration causes thirst, tiredness, and dark urine without severe mental symptoms. Is conjunctivitis really ‘eyes hlu’? How to avoid it? Yes, it’s viral and highly contagious. Avoid touching eyes, share no towels, and maintain good hygiene. Why does typhoid spike in summer? Contaminated water and food spoil faster in summer, making typhoid more common during this hot season. Can AC or coolers spread summer colds? Yes, poorly maintained ACs and coolers can circulate dust and allergens, triggering colds or respiratory infections.