CD138 IHC

The CD138 IHC test is a laboratory procedure that uses antibodies to detect the presence of CD138, a protein found in plasma cells.

CD138 is done for the following reasons:

• To identify and assess plasma cell disorders, such as multiple myeloma
• To monitor the effectiveness of treatment for plasma cell disorders
• To diagnose and manage conditions that involve abnormal plasma cell activity, such as certain autoimmune diseases
• Detect recurrence of plasma cell cancer

CD138 may be recommended if you:

• Have symptoms suggestive of a plasma cell disorder, such as bone pain or unexplained fractures
• A family history of multiple myeloma
• A history of exposure to certain chemicals, such as benzene or pesticides, which are known risk factors for multiple myeloma
• Are undergoing treatment for a known plasma cell disorder
• Have suspected autoimmune conditions that require evaluation of plasma cell activity

Abnormal results may indicate the presence of plasma cell disorders such as multiple myeloma or plasmacytoma. However, abnormal results do not necessarily mean you have cancer or any other serious condition. Other conditions can also cause a positive result, such as reactive plasmacytosis or granulomas. Your doctor will interpret the results in conjunction with your medical history, clinical findings, and other diagnostic tests to provide an accurate diagnosis.

• A small sample of tissue is collected from a previous biopsy or surgical procedure.
• The sample is sent to the laboratory for histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis.
• The laboratory uses specific markers, including CD138, to identify plasma cells in the tissue sample.

• Provide the original histopathology report and relevant clinical and radiological details.
• If applicable, send the paraffin block from a previous biopsy or surgical procedure.
• Follow any additional instructions provided by your doctor regarding fasting or medication adjustments.

• Immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel: This panel evaluates the expression of specific proteins related to different diseases.
• Flow cytometry: This test measures various markers on cells to identify and characterise abnormal cell populations.
• Genetic testing: Genetic analysis may be performed to detect specific mutations associated with plasma cell disorders.

• IHC single marker with reporting CD138
• SDC1
• CD138 immunostaining
• CD138 antibody staining
• CD138 marker test
• Syndecan-1 immunohistochemistry

Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells, causing them to multiply uncontrollably and accumulate in the bone marrow. This leads to bone damage, abnormal antibody production, and increased susceptibility to infections. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing this condition.