sFlt-1/PlGF Ratio, Serum

sFlt-1/PlGF ratio is a biomarker used in obstetrics to assess the risk of developing preeclampsia in pregnant women. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. It is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide.

sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) is a soluble receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF), which are important for the development and maintenance of the placenta and fetal growth. sFlt-1 binds to VEGF and PlGF, reducing their availability and leading to endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage. PlGF is a growth factor produced by the placenta that promotes angiogenesis and blood vessel growth.

The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in maternal serum is a biomarker that reflects the balance between sFlt-1 and PlGF levels in circulation. A high sFlt-1/PlGF ratio is associated with an increased risk of developing preeclampsia in pregnant women, particularly in those with suspected or confirmed fetal growth restriction. The ratio can also be used to predict adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and neonatal morbidity and mortality.