AFB- Sputum

This test identifies acid-fast bacteria in sputum, aiding in diagnosing tuberculosis. Detecting them using Zeihl-Neelsen staining method can help diagnose tuberculosis and start treatment promptly.

This test is done primarily to:

• Diagnose tuberculosis and start treatment promptly
• Monitor response to anti-tuberculosis therapy
• Identify other mycobacterial infections
• Screen high-risk individuals like healthcare workers and contacts of TB patients
• Assist in infection control measures in healthcare settings

This test is recommended in the following cases:

• Suspected or confirmed cases of tuberculosis
• Individuals with persistent cough, fever, weight loss
• Healthcare workers exposed to TB
• Patients in close contact with TB cases
• Those needing to rule out active TB before starting immunosuppressive therapy

• Abnormal results indicate active TB or other mycobacterial infections.
• Abnormalities do not always mean TB; further tests may be needed for confirmation.

You will provide a sputum sample for testing:

• Collect sputum in a sterile container.
• Lab technicians stain the sample to detect acid-fast bacteria using a microscope.

To prepare:

• Follow instructions to collect sputum sample correctly.
• Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking before giving the sample.
• Inform your doctor of any ongoing medications that could affect the results.

Consult your healthcare provider for specific requirements.

Other tests your doctor may recommend include:

• Gene Xpert MTB/RIF: Identifies TB DNA and antibiotic resistance.
• Chest X-ray: Visualizes lung abnormalities for TB diagnosis.
• Interferon-Gamma Release Assay: Detects latent TB infection.
• Tuberculin Skin Test: Determines exposure to TB bacteria through skin reaction.
• CBC: Checks for indicators of infection or inflammation in the body.

Acid-fast Bacilli Smear Test or Tuberculosis Sputum Test or Mycobacterial Smear Microscopy

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs. It spreads through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Symptoms include persistent cough, chest pain, weight loss, and fatigue. Early diagnosis through tests like AFB-Smear helps initiate timely treatment and prevent transmission.