Thyroid Comprehensive Profile 1 Test

Thyroid profile test is mainly used to test the thyroid gland functioning. The most common scenarios where testing is carried out include:
- Cases of suspected hypothyroidism which may present as  fatigue, increased sensitivity to cold, constipation, dry skin, weight gain, muscle weakness, puffy face.
- Cases of suspected hyperthyroidism which may present as unintentional weight loss, rapid heart rate, arrhythmia, palpitation, increase appetite, nervousness, irritability. 
- For diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disorders.

It is necessary to do a Thyroid Comprehensive Profile-1 Test to:

• Diagnose and monitor thyroid conditions, such as Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Goiter, and Thyroid cancer
• Monitor the efficacy of the treatment of an existing thyroid disorder
• Detect any abnormalities in the thyroid gland
• Identify any potential side effects of medications used to treat thyroid disorders
• Evaluate the impact of mutations in the genes of the thyroid gland

Thyroid profile test measure the levels of T3,T4,TSH,FT3,FT4,TPO and ATA in the blood.

Thyroid profile test requires a blood sample post exposure to the allergens. A tourniquet (elastic) band is placed tightly on the upper arm. The patient is then asked to make a fist. This helps in the build-up of blood filling the veins. The skin is disinfected before needle insertion and the blood sample is collected in vacutainer. 

High TSH & high T3/FT3 and T4/FT4: Thyroxine replacement therapy; pituitary adenoma; drugs like heparin, amiodarone, beta blockers, steroids; neonates; resistance to thyroid hormones

High TSH & low T3/FT3 and  T4/FT4: Autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroidectomy, post-radiation, iodine deficiency, thyroid infiltrating tumour/ amyloid

Low TSH & Low T3/FT3 and T4/FT4: Central hypothyroidism, non-thyroidal illness

Low TSH & High T3/FT3 and FT4: Grave's disease, toxic multinodular goitre, toxic adenoma, thyroiditis, drugs, hyperemesis gravidarum & hydatiform mole, congenital hyperthyroidism.

TPO & ATA: High values: suggestive of  Hashimoto thyroiditis; these antibodies can also be seen in Grave's disease.

If the results are present, it indicates that the thyroid is functioning normally. If the results are absent, the doctor may suggest further tests. These can be an ultrasound or biopsy. These are used to check for any underlying issues.

TPO stands for Thyroid peroxidase antibody test. Thyroid peroxidase is an enzyme in the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in the making of thyroid hormones. High levels of thyroid peroxidase antibodies may indicate the presence of autoimmune thyroid disease.

When the thyroid gland cannot make and release enough thyroid hormone into the bloodstream, the condition is called Hypothyroidism. Another name for it is an underactive thyroid. Its symptoms are - sensitivity to cold, dryness and coarseness of skin, constipation, weight gain, tiredness, puffy face, hoarse voice, and coarse hair.

To prepare for Thyroid Comprehensive Profile-1, the patient should follow your doctor's instructions. The patient may have to avoid taking medications that interfere with the test results. These could be thyroid medication, anticonvulsants, and oral contraceptives, at least seven days before the test.

When the thyroid gland makes too many thyroid hormones, It releases them into the bloodstream. This condition is called Hyperthyroidism. Another name for it is an overactive thyroid. Its symptoms are- a fast heart rate, anxiety, irritability, increased appetite, sweating, palpitations, loss of weight, and irregular heartbeat.

The normal range of TSH is 0.3 - 3.5 mU/L. The normal range of free T4 is 0.7 - 2.0 ng/dl, and free T3 is 2.3 - 4.2 pg/ml.

Triiodothyronine has two forms - Free T3 and Bound T3. Free T3 enters the body tissues where needed. Bound T3 attaches to the proteins. It does not enter the body tissues.

Thyroxine or T4 also has two forms - Free T4 and Bound T4. Free T4 is the active form of Thyroxine hormones. It enters the body tissues where needed. Bound T4 attaches to particular proteins. It does not enter the body tissues.

ATA stands for Anti-thyroid antibodies tests. It is a test that measures the level of antibodies that can destroy the thyroid tissue or make the cells produce thyroid hormones. TPO (Thyroid peroxidase antibody test) is a part of this test. TPO indicates the presence of Hashimoto's disease or Hashimoto thyroiditis. This is an autoimmune disease. It is a common cause of Hypothyroidism.

The Thyroid Comprehensive Profile-1 test is recommended for those who experience the following symptoms or who have the following medical conditions:

• Individuals with a family history of thyroid disorders

• Those who are obese or overweight

• Women over the age of 35

• People with symptoms of thyroid disorders

• People with high cholesterol

• People with type 1 diabetes

Doctors advise the Thyroid Comprehensive Profile-1 test for people with issues such as:

• Anxiety

• Weight gain or loss

• Mood swings

• Difficulty concentrating

• Feeling tired

• Changes in the menstrual cycle

• Feeling cold or hot

• Hairfall

Other tests ordered along with the Thyroid Panel-3 (Reflex) include:

• TSH Receptor Antibody (TRAb) to check for Autoimmune Thyroiditis

• Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulin (TSI) to detect Grave's Disease

• Thyroid Antibodies (TgAb) to detect Hashimoto's Disease

• Total and Free Thyroglobulin (Tg) to detect and monitor thyroid cancer

• Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPOAb) to detect Autoimmune Thyroiditis

• Ultrasound Imaging of the Thyroid Gland. It is to monitor any changes in the size or shape of the thyroid gland

Reference

https://www.apollo247.com/lab-tests/thyroid-profile-total-t3-total-t4-tsh

• Thyroid Function Tests
• Thyroid Profile Tests
• Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Test
• Free Thyroxine (FT4) Test
• Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) Test
• Triiodothyronine (T3) Test
• Thyroxine (T4) Test
• Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) Test
• Antithyroid antibodies (ATA) Test

The Thyroid Comprehensive Profile-1 is a crucial diagnostic tool. It helps to detect thyroid disorders. It is a comprehensive test. It checks for Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free Triiodothyronine (FT3), Free Thyroxine (FT4), Thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and Anti-thyroid Antibodies (ATA).