G6PD Test - Qualitative Blood

G6PD Test Overview

Glucose -6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) is a protein that prevents the destruction of the cells by free radicals building up in the body. Abnormality of the enzyme causes RBC's to break down prematurely. G6PD deficiency is one of the most common enzyme deficiency worldwide causing a spectrum of diseases including neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, acute hemolysis, and chronic hemolysis. This is a X-linked inherited disorder and more than 300 different types of G-6-PD variants have been described. 

The G6PD blood test is a diagnostic tool that measures the activity of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme in red blood cells. It helps identify individuals with G6PD deficiency, an inherited condition that can lead to hemolytic anemia.

What is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)?

G6PD is a common enzyme found in red blood cells. It helps convert glucose into energy and prevents oxidative damage to red blood cells. When enzymes convert oxygen molecules into free radicals, which can damage cells, oxidative damage occurs.

Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause oxidative stress, which can lead to serious diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. G6PD protects cells from these potentially dangerous molecules. Without sufficient amounts of the G6PD, red blood cells become fragile and more susceptible to destruction, resulting in hemolytic anaemia.

A G6PD test can assist healthcare providers in determining a patient's risk of G6PD deficiency and ensuring they receive the necessary treatment to prevent complications.

Written by: Dr.Shibani R, Medical Writer, Medical Affairs