Lp- PLA2 Test (PLAC)Cardiac Risk Marker Serum

Lp-PLA2 Test Overview

The Lp-PLA2 test, also known as the PLAC test, measures lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), an enzyme linked to low-density lipoprotein (LDL), also known as "bad" cholesterol. This enzyme is involved in the inflammation process in blood vessels and is produced in atherosclerotic plaques. Elevated levels of Lp-PLA2 indicate increased inflammation, which can destabilize plaques and raise the risk of cardiovascular diseases like coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. The test helps identify individuals at higher risk for these conditions.

Lp-PLA2 test measures the concentration of Lp-PLA2(lipoprotein - associated phospholipase A2 a vascular-specific inflammatory marker implicated in the formation of rupture-prone plaque. It is a biomarker providing information on risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. It is produced in the plaque itself. It is vascular specific unlike other inflammatory markers that measure systemic inflammation. 

The Lp-PLA2 (PLAC) Cardiac Risk Marker is a medical test. This test can determine the level of lipoprotein-related phospholipase (Lp-PLA2) in plasma. Lp-PLA2 is an enzyme that is carried by low-density lipoprotein. LDL transports Lp-PLA2 towards the coronary artery walls and triggers an inflammatory reaction here. If this condition is present, the plaque will be more likely to rupture. Therefore, Lp-PLA2 levels above a certain threshold signal an elevated risk of a heart attack or stroke.

Why is the Lp-PLA2 (PLAC) Cardiac Risk Marker Serum test done?

An Lp-PLA2 serum test is advised to determine how inflamed the blood vessels are. Compared to a routine cholesterol check, this provides a more thorough picture of the risk of developing heart disease. This may be done if,

• There is a family history of heart disease at a young age.
• High LDL values are discovered despite taking treatment.
• Hypercholesterolemia runs in the family.
• Pre-existing blood vessel conditions with normal levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides.
• Personal history of heart conditions requiring or not requiring surgery.

Written by: Dr.Shibani R, Medical Writer, Medical Affairs