Cytology Reflex to Cell Block and Relevant IHC Body Fluid

Abnormal cell growth is a phenomenon that happens in cases of inflammation, cancer, and infections. Examining proteins on the surface of abnormal cells in body fluids helps diagnose and monitor such conditions. Cytology reflex to cell block and relevant Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in body fluid analysis is a diagnostic approach used to enhance the characterization and diagnosis of abnormal cellular findings. In this process, if the initial cytology analysis of the body fluid sample raises suspicion of a specific condition or requires further evaluation, a cell block is prepared. The cell block involves concentrating and processing the cellular material from the fluid sample into a solid block. This allows for better preservation and handling of the cells for subsequent testing. Following the creation of the cell block, specific Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining is performed on the tissue sections derived from the block. IHC uses specific antibodies to detect and identify certain antigens or proteins present in the cells. This additional step aids in providing more precise information about the cellular characteristics, identifying specific cell types, distinguishing between benign and malignant cells, or identifying markers associated with particular diseases. The reflex approach of cell block preparation followed by relevant IHC testing is an important diagnostic tool, helping to refine the diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment decisions for patients with body fluid abnormalities.