Allergen,Individual-Micro organism Penicillium Notatum fungus (Penicillium chrysogenum)

Penicillium chrysogenum (formerly known as Penicillium notatum) is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium. Penicillium genus is one of the most important fungal allergenic sources, associated mainly with upper and lower respiratory allergy including asthma, AR, allergic fungal sinusitis, and allergic broncho-pulmonary mycosis. It is also responsible for opportunistic infections, onychomycosis, keratomycosis, and non-allergic, non-invasive, fungal sinusitis.

Beside sensitization, allergy and opportunistic infections, Penicillium spp. release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and mycotoxins, which can pose health threats through inhalation or ingestion, e.g., ingested mycotoxins from fermented cheese. VOCs are responsible of the moldy odor, which can be perceived in presence of growing Penicillium. Data on exposure to Penicillium spp., especially in indoor environments, are best interpreted in the context of multiple microbial communities. Indeed, fungal and microbial load and diversity may mitigate immune responses, especially during early life.

An allergy to Penicillium notatum/ Penicillium chrysogenum triggers a reaction in an individual's immune system. The body views certain substances as toxic and produces IgE antibodies to these contaminants. These antibodies cause histamine to be released, which will cause the symptoms of an allergic reaction.

Mold sensitization is also a major risk factor for developing upper and lower respiratory diseases such as allergic rhinitis (aka hay fever) and allergic asthma.

Associated Tests: Allergy - Adult (Comprehensive) Panel , Allergy Screening 

Written by : Supriya Kulkarni, Lead-Content & Training

Reviewed by : Dr. Alap Christry M.D. AVP-Lab Operations & Scientific Business Head-Clinical Chemistry