HIV-1 RNA Viral Load

This test measures the amount of HIV-1 RNA, which is the genetic material of the virus, in your blood. It determines the viral load, which helps evaluate the level of infection and monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

This test is done for several reasons:

• To monitor the progression of HIV infection
• To assess the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy
• To detect early treatment failure or drug resistance
• To guide treatment decisions and adjust medication dosages as needed

Your doctor may recommend this test if you:

• Have been diagnosed with HIV
• Are starting or changing antiretroviral therapy
• Show signs of treatment failure or drug resistance
• Need to monitor the progression of your HIV infection

The normal range for viral load varies depending on the laboratory, but generally, lower levels indicate better control of the infection. Elevated viral load may suggest treatment failure, drug resistance, or the need for medication adjustment. Discuss your results with your doctor for further evaluation and guidance.

• Normal viral load indicates effective treatment and control of the virus.
• Elevated viral load may suggest treatment failure, drug resistance, or poor adherence to medication.

During the test:

• A small sample of your blood will be drawn using a needle.
• The blood sample will be collected in a sterile plain vacutainer containing EDTA.
• The sample will be sent to the laboratory for processing and analysis using real-time PCR technology.

Before the test:

• No specific preparation is necessary.
• Inform your doctor about any medications you are taking or any medical conditions you have that may impact the test results.
• Follow any instructions provided by your doctor or the laboratory regarding fasting or other requirements, if applicable.

Other tests that may be ordered alongside the HIV-1 RNA Viral Load test include:

• CD4 count: Determines the number of CD4 cells in your blood, which helps assess immune function
• HIV antibody test: Detects antibodies against HIV in your blood, aiding in diagnosis
• Resistance testing: Identifies specific mutations in the virus that may cause drug resistance

HIV viral load test or Quantitative HIV RNA test

HIV/AIDS is a chronic viral infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It progressively attacks the immune system, leading to a weakened defence against infections and other diseases. HIV/AIDS can be managed with antiretroviral therapy but currently has no cure.