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High Resolution HLA Typing Test (A, B, C, DP, DQ, DR)
High Resolution HLA Typing Test (A, B, C, DP, DQ, DR)
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Blood
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Male, Female
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HLA Typing Test Overview
The HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) typing test is a specialised genetic test that identifies the specific genes responsible for encoding the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. These proteins play a crucial role in regulating the immune system's response to foreign substances, making them essential for determining the compatibility of organ and tissue transplants.
NextGen-HLA typing is a Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) based high-resolution identification of Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA). The HLA system is a complex of genes on chromosome 6, which encode cell-surface proteins responsible for regulation of the immune system also known as Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. There are two distinct classes. Class I (A, B, C) & Class II (DR, DQ & DP). HLA genes are highly polymorphic and play an important role in immune – mediated diseases, tumour development processes, transplanted organ or tissue survival determination and drug hypersensitivity. They are particularly important in the case of transplanted tissue, because it can lead to transplant rejection & hence the HLA typing is done to determine HLA match between the Donor & the Recipient. NGS offers Higher & better match between donor & recipient influencing successful outcomes for Hematopoietic stem cell (HSCT) & any solid organ transplant. NGS helps in removing all ambiguity & provides most accurate characterisation of alleles. All the 6 loci shall be reported with resolution up to 6 digits.
Written by - Dr. Shibani R, Medical Writer, Medical Affairs
Reasons for Undergoing the HLA Typing Test
There are several important reasons why an individual may need to undergo HLA testing, including:
- Organ and Tissue Transplantation: HLA testing is crucial for matching organ and bone marrow donors and recipients, ensuring better compatibility and reducing the risk of transplant rejection.
- Diagnosis of Autoimmune Diseases: This test can help diagnose and manage autoimmune conditions like Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and multiple sclerosis by identifying specific HLA alleles linked to these diseases.
- Paternity Testing: In some cases, HLA typing is used as an additional method for determining paternity, especially when more conventional tests are inconclusive.
- Cancer Treatment: For certain cancers, such as blood cancers (e.g., leukaemia), HLA matching is essential for the success of stem cell transplants, ensuring better outcomes in treatment and recovery.
HLA testing is an important tool in personalised medicine, assisting in accurate diagnoses, treatment planning, and improving outcomes for transplant recipients and patients with autoimmune conditions or cancer.
List of Parameters Considered During the HLA Typing Test
The HLA typing test measures and analyses several key parameters related to the HLA genes:
- Class I Alleles (HLA-A, B, C): These alleles encode proteins present on the surface of most nucleated cells and platelets, involved in presenting peptides from inside the cell to T cells.
- Class II Alleles (HLA-DR, DQ, DP): These alleles encode proteins primarily found on the surface of immune cells, presenting peptides from outside the cell to T cells.
HLA Typing Test Preparation
Preparing for HLA testing is relatively straightforward, with no specific requirements. The test can be performed using a blood sample drawn from an arm vein or a cheek swab. There is no need for fasting or any other preparatory measures.
HLA Typing Test Results & Interpretation
The results of the HLA testing provide detailed information about the specific HLA alleles present in an individual. Here's how they are interpreted:
- Matching for Transplantation: The results are compared between donors and recipients to determine the best match, reducing the risk of transplant rejection.
- Diagnosis of Autoimmune Diseases: The presence of specific HLA alleles can be used in conjunction with other diagnostic tests and medical history to confirm or rule out autoimmune diseases.
- Genetic Predisposition: The results can indicate genetic predispositions to certain autoimmune or other immune-related conditions.
The interpretation is typically done by a medical professional who can provide a detailed analysis based on the HLA testing results.
Home Collection for HLA Typing Test Near You
Metropolis Healthcare offers a convenient home sample collection service for HLA testing, ensuring a seamless experience for patients. A trained phlebotomist will visit your home to collect the required blood sample, maintaining the highest standards of safety and sample handling. This service eliminates the need to visit a diagnostic centre, providing comfort and convenience without compromising on testing accuracy.
With Metropolis Healthcare's commitment to accessible healthcare, you can expect timely and reliable results, empowering you to make informed decisions about your health. Their dedication to delivering quality diagnostic solutions at your doorstep underscores their mission to make healthcare more accessible and patient-centric.
High Resolution HLA Typing Test (A, B, C, DP, DQ, DR) Price
Metropolis Healthcare is a leading diagnostics centre and pathology lab in India equipped with the latest state-of-the-art technologies that provides the High Resolution HLA Typing Test (A, B, C, DP, DQ, DR) with a clear pricing structure.
The High Resolution HLA Typing Test (A, B, C, DP, DQ, DR) Price in Mumbai is ₹ 14,980 .
We are committed to deliver accurate and quality results from the best labs in India with complete transparency regarding test cost and turnaround time. No matter where you are, we strive to offer patients high-quality service that is affordable and accessible.
Frequently Asked Questions
The test helps more accurate characterization of HLA alleles upto 6 loci in the donor and recipient using the NGS based technology.
The test is done for more accurate characterization of alleles that may benefit better identification of donor and recipient compatibility in those undergoing organ transplant. HLA through NGS offers typing of all 6 loci giving 12 point matching till field 3.This helps reduce or avoid organ mismatch and bring down the rejection rates. May also help reduce the cases of post organ transplant infections.
- Patients undergoing Haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT).
- Patients undergoing Bone marrow transplant
- Those scheduled for Solid organ transplant
For HLA typing, DNA extracted from blood is used to amplify the HLA genes of interest by NGS technology.
Clinical history and Patient history is a prerequisite.
Based on the cross matching between the donor and recipient the HLA typing result is determined. Depending upon the organ to be transplanted, doctors will recommend the matching score out of the possible 12 points.
- HLA typing test
- High Resolution HLA typing
The HLA typing test, or HLA testing, is a genetic test that identifies the specific genes coding for the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. These proteins play a crucial role in regulating the immune system and are essential for determining compatibility in organ and tissue transplantation.
Yes, Metropolis Healthcare offers convenient home sample collection services for the HLA testing. A trained phlebotomist will visit your home to collect the required blood sample, ensuring a comfortable and hassle-free experience.
HLA testing is primarily used for matching donors and recipients in organ and bone marrow transplantation. It helps reduce the risk of transplant rejection by ensuring better compatibility.
Unlike other blood tests, there is no "normal range" for HLA testing. The test identifies specific alleles of the HLA genes, and the results are interpreted based on the presence and match of these alleles rather than a quantitative range.
Individuals who require organ or bone marrow transplantation, those suspected of having autoimmune diseases, and people involved in paternity testing are eligible for HLA testing.
HLA testing offers several significant benefits. It enables accurate matching between donors and recipients for organ and bone marrow transplants, reducing the risk of transplant rejection and improving patient outcomes. HLA testing also aids in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases by identifying specific HLA alleles associated with these conditions. Furthermore, HLA typing can be used in paternity testing, providing valuable genetic information.
HLA testing is not a routine test and is typically performed only when medically necessary.
There is no specific time requirement for HLA testing.
No, fasting is not required for HLA testing.
Apart from ensuring that the sample is collected correctly, there are no additional precautions or special preparations required before undergoing HLA testing.
HLA testing analyses the alleles of the HLA genes, focusing on two main classes: Class I (HLA-A, B, C) and Class II (HLA-DR, DQ, DP). These alleles encode proteins that play crucial roles in the immune system's function and are essential for determining compatibility in transplantation.
HLA testing is performed using DNA sequencing techniques, typically Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The test can be done using a blood sample drawn from a vein or a cheek swab.
HLA testing should be done when medically indicated, such as before organ or bone marrow transplantation, to ensure compatibility between the donor and the recipient. It may also be recommended when diagnosing autoimmune diseases, as certain HLA alleles are associated with specific conditions.
The concept of a "positive" result is not applicable to HLA testing. The results are interpreted based on the alleles identified and their relevance to the medical context.
The blood draw or cheek swab HLA testing takes only a few minutes.
The turnaround time for HLA testing reports varies depending on the lab. Generally, you can expect to receive the results within a week based on the day/time when the sample was collected and processed.
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