Estradiol Test (E2) - Serum

To measure or monitor your estrogen levels; to detect an abnormal level or hormone imbalance as a cause of your signs and symptoms; to monitor treatment for infertility or symptoms of menopause; sometimes to test for foetal-placental status during early stages of pregnancy

Your doctor may recommend an estradiol test if female or male sex characteristics aren’t developing at the normal rate. High estradiol levels may indicate early puberty and lower levels, late puberty. The symptoms include:

• bloating or swelling in your abdomen
• Loss of appetite
• pain in your lower abdominal and pelvic area
• weight loss
• frequent urination

Among the group of steroids, estrogens are responsible for development and also function of reproductive organs along with formation of secondary sex characteristics in women. Along with progesterone, another hormone, they help regulate the menstrual cycle, helps in growth of breasts and uterus along with maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Being a main sex hormone for women, they are also found in men and play an important role in growth and bone metabolism in both sexes. Estrogen tests measures one of three components- E1, E2, E3, in blood and urine.

• Estrone (E1) is directly converted from androstenedione (from the adrenal gland) or indirectly from other androgens. Ovaries, placenta, testicles, and adipose tissues also produce E1. E2 and E1 can be converted into each other as needed. E1 is the primary estrogen in men and in post-menopausal women.
• Estradiol (E2) is primarily produced in the ovaries in pre-menopausal women and in the testicles in men. E2 is converted from E1 in post-menopausal women. It is the most potent estrogen and the one that is present in the highest concentration in non-pregnant, pre-menopausal women. Women’s age and reproductive status decides the variation of E2 levels. They are a good marker of ovarian function.
• Placenta produces E3, and its concentration throughout a women’s pregnancy. Health of pregnant women and developing babies are indicated by its increasing levels. Estriol is part of the second trimester maternal serum screen, a test performed to evaluate foetal risk due to certain chromosomal abnormalities. Very low levels of E3 are present in non-pregnant women or men.

The test is used to assess the reproductive function in females. Problems caused by abnormal levels of estradiol include: menstrual irregularities, signs of menopause, infertility, gynaecomastia or a benign swelling of the male breast tissue etc. In males the estradiol test helps in the evaluation of gynaecomastia and in the diagnosis of estrogen-producing tumors

The test measures  the estradiol levels in the blood. 

This test requires a blood sample. A tourniquet (elastic) band is placed tightly on the upper arm. The patient is then asked to make a fist. This helps in the build-up of blood filling the veins. The skin is disinfected before needle insertion and the blood sample is collected in vacutainer. 

High levels may occur due to tumour of ovaries, or adrenal glands or due to early puberty.

Low levels may occur due to ovarian insufficiency, early menopause, Turner's syndrome, or PCOS. 

An estradiol test measures the blood levels of estradiol (E2), a primary estrogen hormone. It helps assess reproductive health, including ovarian function, menstrual cycles, and fertility.

The estradiol test detects blood levels of estradiol, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of conditions related to estrogen imbalance, like menstrual disorders, infertility, puberty issues, and estrogen-producing tumors.

Estradiol test reports show the blood concentration of estradiol, which is further interpreted based on age, sex, and menstrual cycle phase. Abnormal levels may suggest health issues like ovarian failure, menopause, hyperthyroidism, or estrogen-producing tumors.

A "positive" result typically indicates estradiol levels outside the normal range, suggesting a potential health issue. High levels may indicate ovarian tumors or hyperthyroidism, while low levels could suggest ovarian failure or early menopause. Specific implications depend on individual health context and other test results.

The estradiol test helps evaluate ovarian function and follicle development, which are essential for fertility. It can identify issues like anovulatory cycles, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and other conditions that may impact fertility.

Normal estradiol levels vary based on factors like age and sex. Premenopausal women typically have levels between 30-400 pg/mL, postmenopausal women between 0-30 pg/mL, and males between 10-50 pg/mL.

For women trying to conceive, optimal estradiol levels are usually observed during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, peaking around ovulation (usually above 300 pg/mL). However, exact levels can vary, and serial measurements may be necessary to determine the optimal time for conception.

Low estradiol levels can indicate conditions like ovarian failure, early menopause, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or low estrogen due to rapid weight loss. It can also affect reproductive health, leading to issues like infertility or menstrual irregularities.

The benefits of the estradiol test include evaluating and diagnosing reproductive health issues, monitoring hormone replacement therapy, assessing fertility and ovarian function, detecting estrogen-producing tumors, and aiding in the diagnosis and management of puberty disorders and menopausal symptoms.

The risks associated with the estradiol test are minimal and include common blood test risks like bleeding, infection, bruising, dizziness, lightheadedness, and pain or soreness at the needle site.

The estradiol test can help diagnose conditions like early or delayed puberty, menstrual problems, infertility, ovarian tumors, hyperthyroidism, gynecomastia, and disorders of sex steroid metabolism.

Yes, certain medications can affect the results of the estradiol test. These include birth control pills, antibiotics, corticosteroids, estrogen therapy, and medications containing estrogen or testosterone. It's important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking before the test.

Fasting is not typically required before taking the estradiol test. However, its crucial to follow any specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or testing lab.

Factors that can affect estradiol test results include the menstrual cycle phase, pregnancy, menopause, certain medications (e.g., birth control pills, estrogen therapy), obesity, stress, and liver or kidney disease. It's crucial to discuss any relevant factors with your healthcare provider to ensure accurate interpretation of the results.

The estradiol test reports are typically available after 6 hours, However, it's best to consult your healthcare provider or the testing laboratory for specific timelines.